Research progress of nicorandil on reperfusion effect of acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction / 中国医师杂志

Nicorandil is a new vasodilator, which has the dual effects of nitrate like ester and ATP sensitive potassium channel (KATP channel) opening. Intracoronary injection of nicorandil can expand the coronary artery, protect the coronary microcirculation, and play an anti-inflammatory role, inhibit microthrombosis, increase myocardial perfusion and reduce the incidence of no reflow by acting on a variety of signal pathways; It can also reduce the infarct area and improve cardiac function; Through a variety of cell membrane enzyme signal pathways, it can significantly increase the outflow of potassium ions in cells, cause cell membrane hyperpolarization, inhibit the flow of calcium ions into cells and intracellular calcium overload, reduce the occurrence of abnormal reperfusion rhythm and reperfusion injury. Therefore, it has a good myocardial protective effect on patients with acute myocardial infarction.

An investigation of iodine intake and iodine nutrition status of pregnant women in different water iodine areas of Tianjin / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To investigate the iodine intake and iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in different water iodine areas of Tianjin, and to provide a basis for formulating appropriate intervention measures in high water iodine areas.Methods:From January to September 2016, 90, 91 and 71 pregnant women were randomly selected as research subjects in different water iodine areas in Tianjin (water iodine ≤150, > 150 - 300 and > 300 μg/L) via the random sampling method. Samples of salt, drinking water and urine were collected from pregnant women. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to investigate the intake of 12 kinds of food eating by pregnant women in the past year. Salt iodine content was determined by direct titration, water iodine content was determined by ceric sulfate catalytic spectrophotometry, and urinary iodine was determined by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in salt iodine intake among pregnant women in different water iodine areas ( H = 2.29, P = 0.318); the difference in drinking water iodine intake (7.50, 282.60, 544.35 μg/d) was statistically significant ( H = 223.31, P < 0.001), and further pairwise comparison found that the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.001); the difference in food iodine intake was not statistically significant ( H = 2.19, P = 0.334). With the increase of water iodine content in various regions, the contribution rate of drinking water iodine intake gradually increased. The medians of urinary iodine in pregnant women in different water iodine areas were 113.50, 180.55 and 268.55 μg/L, respectively, and there was a positive correlation between urine iodine content and total iodine intake ( rs = 0.31, P < 0.001). Conclusions:The iodine nutrition level of pregnant women in areas with water iodine ≤150 μg/L is insufficient (< 150 μg/L), so the consumption rate of iodized salt should be increased to prevent the occurrence of iodine deficiency disorders. The iodine nutrition level of pregnant women in areas with water iodine > 300 μg/L exceeds the appropriate amount (250 - 499 μg/L), pregnant women should control the intake of foods with high iodine content and take measures to improve water as soon as possible to reduce iodine.

Prevalence and risk factors of depression among middle school students in Tianjin in 2019 -2020 / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of depression among middle school students in Tianjin , and to provide the evidence for making targeted prevention of depression. Methods In September 2019 and September 2020, the stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 32 380 middle school students in Tianjin for face-to-face questionnaire survey, which included the basic information , depressive symptoms , health status , life and behavior habits , injuries , and Internet addiction in the previous week. The χ2 test , t test, univariate and multivariate logistic stepwise regression were used to analyze the data. Results From 2019 to 2020, the prevalence of depression among middle school students in Tianjin was 20.48% , with higher prevalence in girls than in boys and higher prevalence in urban areas than in suburban areas. Multivariate regression results show that smoking, school bullying, parental abuse, Internet addiction , injury , urban area , female , sickness, anemia and sweets are risk factors for depression ; fruits , vegetables , breakfast , high Intensive exercise are protective factors. The OR ( 95%CI ) of depression of school bullying and parental beating and scolding were 4.71 ( 95%CI 3.84 -5.79) and 2.94 ( 95%CI 2.72 - 3.18); the OR ( 95%CI ) of depression of internet addiction students was 2.76 ( 95%CI 2.30 - 3.11); the OR ( 95%CI ) of depression in anemia students was 1.68 ( 95%CI 1.36 - 2.07); compared with non-smokers, the odd ratio(OR) ( 95%CI ) of depression for smoking less than 1 cigarette, 1-11 cigarette, and 11-20 cigarette per day were 1.83 ( 95%CI 0.75 - 2.44), 1.64 ( 95%CI 0.94 -2.84 ), 1.92 ( 95%CI 1.51 - 2.44), respectively; Conclusion The depression level of middle school students in Tianjin is in the middle, and the intervention should be interfered from many aspects, such as cultivating students' good living behavior habits and healthy body, providing good family atmosphere and campus environment.

Effects of nicorandil combined with thrombus aspiration during percutaneous coronary intervention on reperfusion arrhythmia in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the effects of nicorandil combined with thrombus aspiration during percutaneous coronary intervention on reperfusion arrhythmia in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction.Methods:180 patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction who received treatment in Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang Medical University, China between January 2019 and June 2020 were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to receive either nicorandil combined with thrombus aspiration during percutaneous coronary intervention (NPCI group, n = 90) or conventional PCI (PPCI group, n = 90). Myocardial perfusion (myocardial blush grade 3 blood flow) and the occurrence of reperfusion arrhythmia within 24 hours after treatment were compared between the NPCI and PPCI groups. Results:The incidence of myocardial blush grade 3 blood flow in the NPCI group was significantly higher than that in the PPCI group [84.44% (76/90) vs. 68.88% (62/90), χ2 = 6.01, P = 0.01]. There was no significant difference in the total incidence of reperfusion arrhythmia between NPCI and PPCI groups ( χ2 = 1.19, P = 0.27). The incidence of severe reperfusion arrhythmia in the NPCI group was significantly lower than that in the PPCI group [13.33% (12/90) vs. 27.77% (25/90), χ2 = 5.75, P = 0.02]. The influential factor of severe reperfusion arrhythmia was analyzed by logistic regression taking whether NPCI treatment was used as the variable ( OR = 0.40, 95% CI 0.18-0.89, P = 0.02). The other factors that affect severe reperfusion arrhythmia included age ( OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.19-0.92, P = 0.04), time from onset to reperfusion of infarct related artery ( OR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.21-0.98, P = 0.02), dcuhistory of pre-infarct angina pectoris ( OR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.19-0.98, P = 0.03), admission blood glucose level ( OR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.05-5.78, P = 0.03), admission leukocyte count ( OR = 1.99, 95% CI 1.02-6.18, P = 0.03) and cardiac function ( OR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.06-6.91, P = 0.04). Conclusion:Nicorandil combined with thrombus aspiration during percutaneous coronary intervention for the treatment of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction can not only improve myocardial perfusion, but also reduce the incidence of reperfusion arrhythmia. The combined therapy is superior to monotherapy, has certain clinical significance and is innovative.

Investigation on the status of obesity and high blood pressure and their relationship in children and adolescents in Tianjin / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the status and the relationship between obesity and high blood pressure in children and adolescents in Tianjin, and to provide a reference for the development of targeted prevention and control measures for high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Methods In September 2019, a stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 30 403 children and adolescents aged 7-17 from 94 primary and secondary schools in 16 districts in Tianjin. Height, weight and blood pressure were measured by standard methods. SPSS 24.0 was used for χ2 test, variance analysis and binary logistic regression. Results The detection rate of overweight in children and adolescents in Tianjin was 17.28%, including 19.32% in boys and 15.07% in girls. The detection rate of obesity in children and adolescents in Tianjin was 22.79%, including 27.20% in boys and 18.01% in girls. The detection rate of high blood pressure in children and adolescents in Tianjin was 20.88%, including 20.98% in boys and 20.77% in girls. The detection rates of high blood pressure in the normal BMI group, overweight group and obesity group were 14.03%, 23.41% and 36.95%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Compared to the normal BMI group, overweight and obesity were risk factors for high blood pressure in children and adolescents (OR=1.872, 95% CI:1.735~2.021; OR=3.598, 95% CI:3.366~3.827). Conclusion Overweight and obesity were important influencing factors for high blood pressure in children and adolescents aged 7-17 years. Controlling overweight and obesity is an important means to effectively cope with high blood pressure.

Relationship between thyroid function, iodine nutrition and autoantibodies in pregnant women / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To analyze the relationship between thyroid function, iodine nutrition level and thyroid autoantibodies in pregnant women.Methods:In 2016, pregnant women were selected from different water iodine areas in Tianjin. A disposable urine sample of 25 ml was collected to determine urine iodine, and 3 ml of intravenous non-anticoagulated blood was collected to determine serum thyroid hormones and thyroid autoantibodies. Chemiluminescence immunoassay was used to determine the thyroid function indexes [free triiodothyronine (FT 3), free thyroxine (FT 4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)], thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) levels in pregnant women. According to serum TSH and FT 4 levels, pregnant women were divided into the euthyroidism group and subclinical hypothyroidism group(referred to as hypothyroidism). Urine iodine arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry was used to detect the urine iodine level of pregnant women. The correlation between urinary iodine levels and thyroid function indexes of the two groups of pregnant women was analyzed, and single factor and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of hypothyroidism. Results:There were 798 pregnant women in the euthyroidism group and 28 pregnant women in the hypothyroidism group. The hypothyroidism detection rate was 3.39% (28/826). In the euthyroidism group and hypothyroidism group, 43.73% (349/798) and 46.43% (13/28) of pregnant women had urine iodine levels < 150 μg/L, respectively. There was no correlation between urine iodine level and serum TSH ( r = 0.038, P > 0.05), and a positive correlation with serum FT 4 ( r = 0.077, P < 0.05). The differences between the euthyroidism group and the hypothyroidism group in the median (interquartile range) of TPOAb and TgAb were statistically significant ( Z = - 3.986, - 3.411, P < 0.05). After logistic regression analysis, TPOAb was a risk factor for hypothyroidism ( OR = 3.428, 95% CI: 1.131 - 10.388). Conclusions:Urine iodine and thyroid autoantibodies should be screened as routine examination items before or during pregnancy. Correct iodine deficiency in time, avoid blindly excessive iodine supplement, and reduce the occurrence of subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnant women, so as to reduce the adverse effects on mothers and their offspring.

Effect of sequel reperfusion coronary intervention on heart rate variability of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction / 中国基层医药

Objective:To explore the effect of sequel reperfusion percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) therapy on heart rate variability (HRV) during myocardial reperfusion in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).Methods:With a randomly case controlled study method, 180 patients with STEMI in Yidu Central Hospital Affiliated to Weifang Medical College were selected as study objects, and they were randomly divided into two groups: sequel recanalization PCI(sPCI) group(observation group) and conventional primary PCI(pPCI) group(control group), with 90 cases in each grouop.The rate of SDNN<70 mm of the two groups and other indicators of HRV were observed at 14 d after successful PCI.Results:There was statistically significant difference between the two groups in MBG3(77.78% vs.63.33%, χ 2=4.51, P=0.03). There was statistically significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of SDNN<70 mm at 14 d after PCI(10.00% vs.23.33%, χ 2=5.69, P=0.02). If sequel recanalization PCI was served as a variable for predicting SDNN<70 mm, the results of Logistic regression analysis showed that odds ratio ( OR) value was 0.36, 95% confidence interval ( CI) was 0.16-0.85, P=0.02.The other factors that affected the incidence rate of SDNN<70 mm were the level of MBG3( OR=0.45, 95% CI: 0.16~0.95, P=0.03), time-to-reperfusion( OR=2.65, 95% CI: 1.06~5.98, P=0.04), blood sugar level of admission ( OR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.04~7.71, P=0.04), TnI value( OR=2.06, 95% CI: 1.03~5.68, P=0.04), heart function( OR=2.18, 95% CI: 1.08~6.89, P=0.04). Conclusion:The sequel recanalization PCI may be better than conventional PCI for the patients with STEMI in obtaining myocardial blush grades.Meanwhile, it can increase the indicators of HRV and decrease the incidence rate of SDNN<70 mm.

Study on the effect of different water-improving projects and different water-improving years on children's dental fluorosis in Tianjin / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To investigate the influence of different water-improving defluoridation projects and different water-improving years on children's dental fluorosis,and to provide a scientific basis for further defluoridation of drinking water.Methods Totally 1/4 endemic fluorosis villages in all agricultural-related areas of Tianjin were selected by random sampling method from 2016 to 2017.The situation of water-improving defluoridation project was investigated in these villages.The ways of water improvement included municipal water supply,double pipe network,barreled water,low fluorine well and centralized water supply.The years of water improvement were ＞ 15,＞ 10-15,5-10,and ＜ 5 years,respectively.Totally 821 water samples (surface water,barreled water and groundwater) were collected.Fluoride ion selective electrode method was used for determination of water fluorine content.According to the "Diagnosis of Dental Fluorosis" (WS/T 208-2011),the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 to 12 was examined.Results A total of 524 villages with drinking water endemic fluorosis and 35 870 children aged 8 to 12 were investigated in Tianjin.The water improvement rate was 73.28％ (384/524).Water fluoride qualified village accounted for 53.24％ (279/524).The detection rate of dental fluorosis was 47.98％ (17 209/35 870),the detection rate of dental fluorosis was different with different water improvement methods (x2 =1 955.742,P ＜ 0.05).Children's dental fluorosis detection rate in the area of municipal water supply was lower (33.19％,4 121/12 416),while that in double pipe network reconstruction area was 43.37％ (995/2 294).Children's dental fluorosis detection rates in the areas of barreled water supply,low fluoride well and centralized water supply were higher (58.47％,6 268/10 720;66.84％,1 719/2 572;53.75％,623/1 159).The median of water fluoride in the renovated area of municipal water supply was 0.24 mg/L,and the proportion of villages with water fluoride ≤ 1.2 mg/L was 100.00％ (133/133).With the increase in water-improving years (more than 10 years),children's dental fluorosis prevalence [＞ 15,＞ 10 ～ 15 years were 17.41％ (428/2 459),14.19％ (266/1 875)] in the areas of municipal water supply reached the control standards (≤30％).Conclusions The improvement of the municipal water supply network is thorough,which can meet the requirement of continuously ensuring the safety of drinking water for residents,especially those over 10 years.Other forms of water-improving need to be further optimized.

The recent research progress on relationship between sarcopenia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中华老年医学杂志

Sarcopenia is a complicated geriatric syndrome characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass and skeletal muscle dysfunction,which can lead to a significant increase in the risk of falls and disabilities in the elderly.Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are more likely to suffer from sarcopenia,which may aggravate the deterioration degree of lung function.Exploring the mechanism and relationship of COPD with sarcopenia is helpful to understand the phenotype of COPD and to optimize a personalized treatment and management.Sarcopenia should be actively screened and intervened as early as possible to improve the prognosis of the elderly COPD patients.

Relationship between thyroid volume and urinary iodine level in children aged 8-10 years in Tianjin / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To explore the thyroid volume of children aged 8-10 years in non-iodine high area and iodine high area of Tianjin and to analyze the relationship between thyroid volume and urinary iodine level.Methods In 2016-2017,a cross-sectional study was conducted in non-iodine high area and iodine high area in Tianjin.Totally 356 and 199 children aged 8-10 years were selected,respectively.The urine samples of children were collected and the iodine concentration in urine was measured by "As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry".The thyroid volume was monitored by B ultrasonic method.Results The medians of urinary iodine in the 8,9 and 10 years old age groups in iodine high area (500.00,443.00,407.00 μg/L) were higher than those of non-iodine high area (189.39,168.35,189.90 μg/L,Z =7.162,7.536,6.126,P ＜ 0.05).The thyroid volume of children aged 8 and 9 years in iodine high area (2.81,2.91 ml) was higher than that in non-iodine high area (2.31,2.44 ml,Z =3.474,3.264,P ＜ 0.05).There was a weak correlation between urinary iodine and thyroid volume (r =0.109,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The urinary iodine level and thyroid volume of children aged 8 and 9 in iodine high areas are higher than those in non-iodine high areas.

Colorectal Surgery Training in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and China

Until 1st July 1997, Hong Kong was under the governance of the British Government; therefore, the British system of education was followed. After internship, 7 years of general surgical training is required to obtain registration and fellowship qualifications of the College of Surgeon of Hong Kong and Edinburg. After having become a specialist in general surgery, the surgeon could choose to specialize in colorectal surgery with an additional 3 to 5 years of specialist training in an accredited centre and 6 months of overseas training with subsidies. On the contrary, China has more than 600 medical schools, and students can enroll in different programs to become a medical practitioner. Despite a great discrepancy exists in the quality of teaching and supervision but there are comprehensive regulations governing the accreditation of hospitals, credentialing of operations, medical records, etc. to ensure medical and patient safety. Vast amounts of resources are being invested to strengthen the quality and to advance the technology used in patient care, not only by supporting basic and clinical research but also by providing extra resources to “import” experts and help develop services with clinical excellence. To accomplish this, the aim of the “three fames project” with a 5-year funding of 3 million United States dollar is to invite overseas experts to help build medical teams in specific areas. Due to its huge population (more than 1.3 billion people), China is a country full of potential for development in clinical research, collaboration, knowledge exchange, and the provision of premier medical services.

Effects comparison of chemical hypoxia induced by cobalt chloride and hypoxia environment on rat pulmonary arterial fibroblasts / 重庆医学

Objective To compare the effects of cobalt chloride (CoCl2) induced chemical hypoxia and hypoxia environment on the proliferation,migration and phenotype transformation of rat primary pulmonary artery fibroblasts (PAFs).Methods Primary PAFs were isolated and cultured.Cells were stimulated by CoCl2,or hypoxia cell culture (1% O2) was used to stimulate and induce PAFs.Then the effects of CoCI2 and hypoxia environment on PAFs were compared by CCK-8 assay,scratch assay,transwell assay,phenotype marker protein expression and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway protein expression.Results Compared with the control group,100 μmol/mL CoCl2 stimulation had no significant effect on the cell proliferation activity,cell migration ability and phenotype transformation ability of PAFs (P>0.05);while 1% O2 could significantly improve the cell proliferation and migration activities of PAFs as well as the upregulation of α-SMA expression (P<0.05).Conclusion There exist differences of effects between CoCl2 induced chemical hypoxia and hypoxia environment on promoting cell proliferation, cell migration and phenotype transformation in PAFs.

Effects of fluoride exposure on thyroid hormone level and intelligence in rats / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effects of fluoride exposure on the thyroid hormone level and intelligence in rats and to investigate the biomarkers of intellectual impairment induced by high fluoride exposure.@*Methods@#A total of 24 clean healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (tap water containing 0.344 mg/L fluoride) and low-, medium-, and high-fluoride exposure groups (tap waters containing 10, 50, and 100 mg/L sodium fluoride, respectively). One male rat was cohabited with two female rats in the same group. After the offspring rats were weaned, 12 offspring rats (male/female ratio=1∶1) with a similar body weight in each group were subjected to the same treatment for the parental offspring. The offspring rats were sacrificed on the 60th day after birth. The weight of offspring rats was measured. Serum thyrotropin (TSH) , free triiodothyronine (FT3) , and free thyroxine (FT4) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The learning and memory abilities of the rats were evaluated by Morris water maze test. The expression of mitochondrial fission 1 (Fis1) and mitofusin 1 (Mfn1) in blood was measured by Western blot.@*Results@#The offspring rats in the medium-and high-fluoride exposure groups had significantly lower serum TSH and FT4 levels than those in the control group (P<0.05). The place navigation test showed that the offspring rats in the medium-and high-fluoride exposure groups had significantly longer escape latency than those in the control group (P<0.05) , and the high-fluoride exposure group had a significantly longer escape distance than those in the control group (P<0.05). The spatial probe test showed that the offspring rats in the low-, medium-, and high-fluoride exposure groups had significantly shorter swimming time and distance in the target quadrant and total swimming time and distance than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the offspring rats in the control group, those in the low-, medium-, and high-fluoride exposure groups had significantly higher expression of Fis1 (P<0.05) , and those in the low- and medium-fluoride exposure groups had significantly higher expression of Mfn1 (P<0.05) .@*Conclusion@#High fluoride exposure can reduce the secretion of thyroid hormone and the abnormality of mitochondrial dynamics in peripheral lymphocytes may provide a clue to identifying the biomarkers of intellectual impairment induced by fluoride exposure.

Interferon regulatory factor-3 and its alternative splicing isoforms in tumor / 国际肿瘤学杂志

As a member of interferon regulatory factor family (IRF),IRF3 plays an important role in triggering the expression of type Ⅰ interferons and downstream interferon-stimulated genes,contributing to many biological process.Researches have found that it plays an anti-oncogene role in inhibiting tumor proliferation and migration,inducing cell apoptosis.The mechanism involves in tumor immunity and inflammatory reaction,apoptosis and epithelial mesenchymal transition.The alternative splicing isoforms of IRF3 act as negative modulators of IRF3 and affect tumor development progress.The recent signaling pathways and pathogenesis researches provide new ideas for early diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Iodine nutritional status and thyroid function among pregnant women in different periods of pregnancy in Tianjin / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the iodine nutritional status and thyroid function of pregnant women in different periods of pregnancy,analyze the relationship between iodine nutritional status and thyroid function and provide a basis for scientific supplementation of iodine to pregnant women.Methods In 2013 and 2014,using stratified random sampling method,six counties were selected in the city;around 30 early,middle and late pregnant women each in every county were selected;a total of 545 (173 early,203 middle and 169 late) pregnant women were investigated in the 6 counties;instant random urine samples of 25 ml were collected and urinary iodine was tested.A total of 151 (52 early,55 middle and 44 late) pregnant women were selected to collect 3 ml venous blood samples for determination of thyroid hormone and thyroid autoantibodies.Results Median urinary iodine levels of early,middle and late pregnant women were 132.2,128.9 and 113.5 μg/L,respectively,under the condition of iodine deficiency.Prevalence rates of low frce thyroxine FT4,subclinical hypothyroidism,hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in pregnant women were 0.66％ (1/151),15.23％ (23/151),0.66％ (1/151) and 0.66％ (1/151),respectively.The positive rate of TgAb and TPOAb was 15.23％ (23/151) and 11.92％ (18/151),respectively.There were significant differences in the levels of free three iodine thyroid (FT3) in different periods of pregnancy (F =7.723,P ＜ 0.05);FT3 in late pregnancy was lower than that in early and middle pregnancy (P ＜ 0.05).There were significant differences in the levels of FT4 in different periods of pregnancy (F =3.762,P ＜ 0.05);FT4 in late pregnancy was lower than that in early and middle pregnancy (P ＜ 0.05).There were significant differences in the levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in different periods of pregnancy (F =13.199,P ＜ 0.05);TSH in early pregnancy was higher than that in middle and late pregnancy (P ＜ 0.05).Subclinical hypothyroidism prevalence rate in late pregnancy was higher than that in middle pregnancy (x2 =3.912,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of TgAb in early and middle pregnancy was higher than that in late pregnancy (x2 =9.883,3.906,all P ＜ 0.05).Urinary iodine ≥250 μg/L was a risk factor for subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnant woman [odds ratio (OR) =5.076,P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions The iodine nutrition of pregnant women in Tianjin is insufficient.Excessive urinary iodine is an increased risk of subclinical hypothyroidism.We should monitor the urinary iodine and thyroid function in pregnant women.

An investigation of iodine intake and iodine nutritional status of adults in Tianjin City / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To study the intake of iodine and iodine nutritional status of adults and provide a scientific basis for choosing appropriate salt iodine content in the region.Methods By using multi stage random sampling method,according to the four corners of 4 directions,4 non water iodine counties or districts were selected from Nankai District,Jixian County,Dagang District and Hangu District.Totally 1 to 4 administrative villages were selected (neighborhood committees) from each district or county as the survey points.Ten to 15 households were selected from each survey points.All the members more than 18 years old of each household were investigated (excluding pregnant and lactating women).Of the 225 households,404 people,salt iodine of the family,urinary iodine and water iodine were detected.The questionnaire survey was used to investigate the daily salt intake of residents per capita.The daily intake of iodine was calculated by the method of dietary frequency.Salt iodine content was detected by direct titration method;iodine in water was detected by cerium sulfate catalytic spectrophotometry;urinary iodine was detected by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.Results A total of 24 drinking water samples were tested,the median water iodine was 8.0 μg/L.A total of 225 salt samples and 404urine samples were tested,the medians of family salt and urinary iodine were 23.30 mg/kg and 149.0 μg/L,respectively.Investigation was done on salt intake and dietary intake of 393 people,the per capita consumption of salt intake was (11.45 ± 5.70) g/d.Salt supplied 148.75 μg/d iodine and food supplied 82.47 μg/d iodine.The total contribution rate of iodized salt to the total iodine intake was 68.99％ (193.18/280.00) in the population of iodized salt consumer.The value of urinary iodine and iodine intake were correlated (r =0.170,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The adult iodine nutrition in Tianjin city is in the appropriate level.Iodized salt is the main source of iodine intake for adults,so salt iodine is a indispensable iodine nutrition source for adults.

Association of colorectal adenoma and metabolic syndrome and relevant parameters / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the association of colorectal adenoma with metabolic syndrome (MS) and relevant parameters.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 289 subjects who underwent screening colonoscopy in the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital from January 2014 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed, including 130 normal subjects (normal group) and 159 cases with colorectal adenoma confirmed by pathology(adenoma group). Levels of MS-associated parameters were compared between the two groups, and the association of metabolic diseases with colorectal adenoma was examined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The gender, smoking and drinking habit, regular physical activity, family history of colorectal cancer, and consumption history of long-term non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were not significantly different between two groups (all P>0.05). As compared to normal group, adenoma group had higher body mass index (BMI) [(23.5±3.2) kg/m(2) vs. (22.7±2.8) kg/m(2), t=1.97, P=0.050], larger abdominal circumference [(83.4±10.3) cm vs. (79.6±13.8) cm, t=2.46, P=0.015], higher serum high-density lipoprotein level [(1.3±0.3) mmol/L vs. (1.2±0.3) mmol/L, t=2.03, P=0.044], and higher serum cholesterol [(5.4±1.0) mmol/L vs. (5.0±1.1) mmol/L, t=2.39, P=0.018]. No significant difference was demonstrated in comparing hip circumference and waist-hip ratio, as well as serum fasting glucose and triglyceride(all P>0.05). Higher incidence of colorectal adenoma was found in subjects with MS [69.8%(37/53) vs. 1.7%(122/236), P=0.017], overweight or obesity [65.1% (56/86) vs. 50.7%(103/203), P=0.025], hypertension [67.3%(37/55) vs. 52.1%(122/234), P=0.046] and hypercholesterolemia [66.7%(64/96) vs. 49.2%(95/193), P=0.005].</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Metabolic syndrome increased the risk of developing colorectal adenoma. The mechanism may be related to higher serum cholesterol and high density lipoprotein, which may lead to the elevated catabolism of serum cholesterol. Screening colonoscopy should be performed for patients diagnosed as metabolic syndrome, especially for those with central obesity and hypercholesterolemia, thus early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal adenoma may be available.</p>

Role of activin A and NGF in co-stimulating neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglia ofembryonic chicken / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of activin A and nerve growth factor ( NGF) NGF on stimulating neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglia(DRG)of the embryonic chicken.Methods:In this study,we observed that activin A and NGF together induced neurite outgrowth of DRG and kept survival of DRG neurons by the primary cultured DRGs from embryonic day 8 ( E8 ) chicken.calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)CGRP mRNA expressions were analyzed by RT-PCR.Results: The DRG treated with activin A +NGF had obvious neurite outgrowth ,compared with only NGF group on day 3,and the number of living DRG neurons also increased.Activin A +NGF up-regulated the mRNA expressions of CGRP in DRG.Conclusion:The Data demonstrated that activin A with NGF can synergistically stimulate DRG neurite outgrowth and maintain the DRG neurons survival , suggesting that it is more effective that NGF and activin A together treat the associated disease of nerve system.

Role of activin A on regulation of mouse neutrophil function / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To study the role of activin A in regulation of neutrophil function by detecting activin receptor expression and cellular activities.Methods:Peritoneal neutrophils were isolated in mouse.After the neutrophils were stimulated with activin A,the expression of ActRⅡA on neutrophils was examined by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry.Expression of Smad3 in neutrophils was analyzed by Western blot.Assays of neutrophils function were performed by detecting respiratory burst, production of NO and phagocytosis.Results:The isolated cells were composed of more than 90% peritoneal neutrophils.ActRⅡA was expressed on mouse neutrophils and Gr-1/ActRⅡA double-positive cells were 41.1%.Activin A promoted Smad3 phosphorylation in neutrophils,increased the production of ROS and O2-(P<0.05),enhanced secretion of NO and phagocytosis of mouse neutrophils(P<0.01),and promoted fluorescent microsphere phagocytosis of neutrophils by flow cytometry ( P<0.01 ) .Conclusion: Activin receptor and activin signaling protein were expressed on mouse neutrophils,activin A might play an important regulatory role in activation and function of neutrophils.

An evaluation of the effectiveness of implementation of national food safety standard for “Iodine Concentration in Edible Salt” (GB 26878-2011) / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To observe the implementation of national food safety standard for “Iodine Concentration in Edible Salt”(GB 26878-2011) and its effectiveness on iodine nutritional status of key populations. Methods Information of iodine concentration in edible iodized salt of various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities, including Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps) was collected using Baidu Searching Engine through the establishment of key words. Sal t samples were collected in Tianjin City and Aksu Region of Xinjiang , and the salt iodine concentration in both places was 30 mg/kg. In Tianjin, Hongqiao, Tanggu and Hangu, Beichen were selected as representatives of the downtown areas, the coastal areas and the suburbs, respectively and counties of Baodi and Ji were iodine deficiency areas in history. Sampling work was carried out from August 2012 to March 2013 in Tianjin. In Aksu, Yatuoer Township and Charqi Town in Baicheng County, Aotebeixi and Aketuohai Townships in Wushen County were chosen as iodine deficiency areas, and the survey was carried out from January to September 2013 . Random urine samples of school-age children ( 8 - 10 years old ) , pregnant women and lactating women were collected; urinary iodine was measured following the Method for Determination of Iodine in Urine by As3+-Ce4+ Catalytic Spectrophotometry(WS/T 107-2006) and iodine in edible iodized salt was measured following the General Test Method in Salt Industry Determination of Iodideion ( GB/T 13025 . 7-1999 ) . Results Fourteen of the provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities, including the Corps of Xinjiang) chose 25 mg/kg as their iodine concentration in edible iodized salt and 13 provinces chose 30 mg/kg. Besides, there were another 5 provinces providing 30 mg/kg particularly for pregnant women and lactating women while 25 mg/kg for other populations. In Tianjin, the medians of iodine concentration in edible iodized salt were ranged from 24.4 - 32.1 mg/kg in retail stores and 26.4 mg/kg at households. The household coverage rate of iodized salt and the proportion of households using adequately iodized salt were 78.5%(168/214) and 62.6%(134/214), respectively. The median ranges of urinary iodine were 178.2 - 183.9 μg/L in school children, 124.3 - 130.9 μg/L in pregnant women and 72.7 - 109.5 μg/L in lactating women. In Aksu, the medians of iodine concentration in edible iodized salt were 27.1 and 26.5 mg/kg in retail stores and households, respectively. The household coverage rate of iodized salt and the proportion of households using adequately iodized salt were 100.0% (363/363) and 98.9%(359/363), respectively. The median ranges of urinary iodine were 174.8 - 293.0, 154.9 - 230.0 and 135.8 - 239.3 μg/L among school children, pregnant women and lactating women, respectively. The median of iodine concentration in a special edible iodized salt sample reached 49.1 mg/kg, and qualified rate was 0(0/11) in Aksu. Conclusions All provinces , municipalities and autonomous regions ( including the Corps of Xingjiang ) in China have adjusted the iodine content in edible iodized salt in accordance with GB 26878-2011. However, in Tianjin the household iodine concentration in edible salt is lower than the local standards; the household coverage rate of iodized salt and the proportion of households using adequately iodized salt are lower than the national standards; pregnant women and lactating women are at risk of mild iodine deficiency.